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Debt Financing for NPOs - Part 2

by Social Edge last modified 2007-07-06 13:15

Hosted by Patrick O'Heffernan (January 2007)

bank100

Last month, Fundraising and Strategy Expert Patrick O'Heffernan hosted a very successful discussion about a Financial Partner for Social Entrepreneurs. This week, he revisits the issue with a new angle.

The response to my previous events about the Robert Steiner Foundation and loans for NPOs inspired me to do more research into the world of non-profit banking/credit for NPOs. The results were enlightening, but not especially exciting.

In the U.S., many for-profit banks offer services branded as "non-profit," which usually turn out to be their regular institutional services like credit cards, investment management, etc., slightly repositioned or rebranded for NPOs, but non significantly different from what businesses and individuals can get.

Some banks do actually tailor services to NPOs and train their staff in the finances of NPOs, but for the most part, this is limited to cash management, checking and other non-loan services, and these are marketed to colleges, hospitals, and private schools.

A few banks have created financing specifically for NPOs. The East West Bank of Pasadena (in California) offers financing for NPOs in the form of real estate loans, purchase/refinance, equipment financing, revolving lines of credit to bridge working capital needs.

Not-for-profit banks not in the international microfinance business are still an anomaly, as far as I can tell. The only one I could find is the Street Bank, launched a few years ago in the UK, which lends money to unemployed people to start small businesses. The Street Bank has been testing this concept for a year in East London, lending money to 110 people.

Based on this research, I can say that there is a ripe opportunity for social entrepreneurs. The for-profit financial sector sees NPOs mostly as a market segment and prefers to work with large semi-business non-profit institutions like colleges, schools and hospitals that have independent revenue sources and large capital or real estate assets that can collateralize loans. Most of the loans these clients receive in fact vary little from loans provided to for-profit entities.

Financing for NPOs that rely on grant funds and that do not hold significant assets that can be used for collateral are limited to very small personal loans, credit card advances, and co-signed loans. Outside of the microcredit world and the Rudolf Steiner Foundation, few banks will make loans based on grant letters and I could only find one (the East West Bank in Pasadena, California) that would make loans based on signature.

What has been your experience? Click here and join the conversation.


Timothy Freundlich - Jan 23, 2007 3:21 pm (# Total: 14)
Director, Strategic Development, Calvert Social Investment Foundation and Founding Principal, Good Capital, LLC

A couple ideas...

Nonprofit Finance Fund ( http://www.nonprofitfinancefund.org/ ) and Calvert Social Investment Foundation ( http://www.calvertfoundation.org ), in addition to RSF, have been in the business of loans to nonprofit enterprise for awhile. We are $5m into a $10m social enterprise specific slice of lending at Calvert Foundation as we speak, and actively considering new deals (see attached for profile and how-tos).

One thing I've been working on of late is a new risk capital fund for "equity-like" expansion funding, to your point of lack of collateral backing for growth infusions of investment. If there's a gap for loans to nonprofit enterprises, there is a GRAND CANYON for risk taking burn capital! There's info at http://www.goodcap.net on this.

Best, Tim Freundlich

Calvert Foundation, Good Capital and http://www.xigi.net

Attachments:

SEborrowerbrochure.pdf (189 KB)



Patrick O'Heffernan - Jan 23, 2007 5:09 pm (# Total: 14)

thank you. this is the kind of information we were hoping for

Perhaps we can jointly assemble a list. thanks very much


ttfuture - Jan 23, 2007 6:12 pm (# Total: 14)

Following Paul Newman's Lead

For the little guy, NPO funding is a drag. We often don’t fit the security blanket needed for mainstream foundations. Nor do we have the big celebrity board of directors to bank roll our visions. Any yet, like Tomas Edison, most innovations come from the fringes, not the conservative center.

 

I have run a small NPO for fifteen years. Recently I created a for profit social venture corporation to develop a revolutionary line of educational products for parents and early childcare providers. (over 65 million parents supported by 45,000 licensed providers in CA alone.) This subscription based produce line is distributed via NPOs, <st1:Street w:st="on"><st1:address w:st="on">United Way</st1:address></st1:Street>, the YMCA and other existing networks who are already serving parents and providers. NPO distributors receive a wholesale discount which represents approximately 40% of net. The remaining 60% is returned to social venture investors, who have the option of hanging on to the stock or designating their equity to other charities as did Paul Newman. We are in the pilot phase, doing very well, and expect a 1.5m investment to generate 6m to 7m (split 60/40 as described above) in five years. Any suggestions on innovative strategies for the initial 1.5M?

 

Michael Mendizza



Medley Institute John Goldstein - Jan 25, 2007 11:00 am (# Total: 14)

A few others in the UK

A few other relevant examples engaged in different types of lending to NPOs:

  • * Charity Bank (http://www.charitybank.org/) = about an $80 MM balance sheet focused on being a bank for non-profits in the UK

  • * Venturesome (http://www.cafonline.org/default.aspx?page=6903) - focuses on higher risk capital for non profits and social enterprises and goal at this point is, I believe, to increase their loss rate. Repayments have been something like 98% which leads them to think they may not be taking enough risk.

  • * Futurebuilders (http://www.futurebuilders-england.org.uk/content/About.aspx) - Large ($200 MM +) investment fund sponsored by the UK government doing hybrid funding (loans, loan guarantees, some small grants) for non profits and social enterprises

  • * FJC: New York based non-profit that, in addition to rnning donor advised funds, does short term bridge lending for non profits (http://www.fjc.org/how_agency.html)


  • tutormentor - Jan 27, 2007 7:16 am (# Total: 14)
    Cabrini Connections Tutor/Mentor Connection

    Big need, few resources

    In a book titled "Good to Great and the Social Secto", Jim Collins talks about a flywheel effect of constant growth that leads organizations to become good, then great.

    In a variety of articles under the heading of "challenges facing non profits" writers show how the inconsistent way that philanthropy and government funds social benefit organizations reduces the ability many of these organizations have to grow to be good, let alone great. These links are at:

    http://www.tutormentorconnection.org/TMLearningNetwork/LinksLibrary/tabid/560/rrcid/8/rrscid/96/rrpid/1/rrepp/20/Default.aspx

    Since 2000 many charities have gone out of business because of the sudden loss of revenue due to lower giving by business and foundations, and many, like my own, have taken on debt ( credit cards, personal loans, etc.)  in order to stay in business or maintain continuity in key services.

    Thus, if some billionare decides to set up a bank that would provide bridge funds/loans to help non profits cover cash flow fluctuations, or to bridge the times when funding drops due to unexpected events such as 9/11, or due to sudden crashes in the economy, such a fund could do much to help many more organizations stablize revenue, and thus stablize staffing, program growth, and social benefit.

    The few groups I've investigated for loans, do not fund debt, but will fund capital improvements.  As a leader of a small non profit ($350k-$450k annually), I'm not in need of capital investments, but of this more fluid form of support.

    Do any of you know of such financing?



    Patrick O'Heffernan - Jan 29, 2007 8:32 am (# Total: 14)

    A question for everyone

    Is the main mission of socialling rsponsible finance to provide loans to the poorest and most underserved, or to those who offer the greatest chance of successfully buidling a business and repaying the loan? This question came up at a baord meeting of a micro finance organization recently - although it was in the context of that particular organization, it raised in my mind the question of themission of microfinance, microcredit, SRI (social responsible investing). My answer is all of the above - that it depends on the financing organiation, but at a larger level, should we try and insure that there is an even sprad of funds to borrowers from the $50 loans to start a bike repair shop in a remote village, to the $100,000loan to build a solar farm.


    ttfuture - Jan 29, 2007 9:21 am (# Total: 14)

    A drop contains an ocean's wetness

    Patrick

    Socially responsible financing is a relatively new model. We might call it Social Capitalism. It reflects Gandhi’s concept of trusteeship. At the core is the profound realization that we are not individuals. As J. Krishnamurti said, We Are The World.

    Socially responsible capitalism means using our resources in a way that serves the well being of the largest social web of which we are a part. We are trustees of our energy and capital. Not owners. The scale of this perception matters little. An individual bike ship is just as socially responsible and a large international cooperative.

    And there is certainly room for both, large funding organizations and those who fund smaller personal ventures. I agree with you. It is up to the funding organization to set their priorities. A drop contains an ocean’s wetness.

     

    Michael



    tutormentor - Jan 29, 2007 1:52 pm (# Total: 14)
    Cabrini Connections Tutor/Mentor Connection

    The reason I use maps

    Patrick,

    The reason I use maps is that they show all of the geographic in a defined region where a social service is needed.  In your question, you asked do we fund the most underserved, or those who offer the greatest chance of success.

    In my mind, our goal is to make best practice organizations/services be in all of the places on the map where such services are needed.

    I maintain a database of non-school tutor/mentor programs in Chicago. Many times people ask me to tell them who I think is the best tutor/mentor program in Chicago. I say, tell me your zip code and I'll tell you if any programs are in that area. It does not matter who the best are if they are not in the neighborhood you want to serve, or where you live.  If there are no programs, or only poorly organized programs, donors, volunteers, community members, etc. need to find ways to learn from the best, and apply those ideas in making the programs in their own neighborhoods even better.

    Thus, until the donor decides if he/she wants to end aids, stop malaria, improve education, etc. in ALL places where this is a problem, we'll have donors who are only solving the problem in a few places, while all other places continue to suffer.

    On the other hand, networks of donors and service providers could begin to work together to make sure there were plenty of good programs in all of the areas where such programs were needed, and that they were sharing ideas and learning from each other so that all were constantly improving.

    To me, this type of thinking opens the door to lots of other types of innovation.

    I wrote about the use of maps in http://tutormentor.blogspot.com/2007/01/changing-demographics-of-chicago.html 



    Patrick O'Heffernan - Feb 1, 2007 11:45 am (# Total: 14)

    good idea on the maps

    This is very strategic thinking. Too often NPOs focus on their silo and miss the larger picture. Maps bring up the larger picture. I also like to use matrices that show interrelationships.


    Patrick O'Heffernan - Feb 1, 2007 11:49 am (# Total: 14)

    ttfuture...this is the kind of strategic thinking we need

    Your willingness to take the time to develop this strategy and to take the risks it entails is the essence of social entrepreneurship. I would very much like it if you could keep us all abreast of your progress and at some point I would like to interview you for a podcast on what you are doing. Congratulations.


    Patrick O'Heffernan - Feb 1, 2007 11:50 am (# Total: 14)

    John Goldstein..thanks

    This is good data. I will assemble a list at the end of this event and post it.


    Patrick O'Heffernan - Feb 1, 2007 11:53 am (# Total: 14)

    RSF as a source of small loans

    Last week's blog discussed RSF Social Finance. check them out at www.rsfsocialfinance.org/415-561-6151. Also, try FJC: New York based non-profit that, in addition to rnning donor advised funds, does short term bridge lending for non profits (http://www.fjc.org/how_agency.html) posted by John


    abromber - Feb 1, 2007 6:58 pm (# Total: 14)

    Why banks do what they do

    One thing you everyone has to keep in mind is that banks are strictly regulated by the Federal Reserve, the Comptroller of the Currency, the Office of Thrift Supervision and/or state banking departments. These regulations include "safety and soundness" criteria for underwriting loans that are somewhat inflexible. That's why so many banks do their NPO lending through CDFI's and other types of financial institutions. Credit Unions have a bit more flexibility, and loan funds are largely unregulated. There are quite a few loan funds that offer creative financing to NPO's.


    Patrick O'Heffernan - Feb 2, 2007 10:26 am (# Total: 14)

    true,

    Whichis why, as I understand it, tht RSF Social Finance is not a bank and does not want to be referred to as a bank.

    Any NPO Funding agencies in Canada?

     Posted by Tal Dehtiar at 2007-02-27 20:05

    Hey all...do you know of any NPO Debt Financing groups in Canada or US/UK firms that will take on a Canadian charity/NPO? Thanks, Tal

    funding non-profits to do for-profit lines of business

     Posted by Melissa Schenker at 2008-01-15 11:41

    I am new to this board and hope that the following is in line with what you want as a focus. I am (with a partner) in the beginning stages of researching the possibility/viability of creating an entity that would be specifically focused on funding non-profits in their for-profit lines of business. We do not want to reinvent a wheel if it already exists, and so far it seems that such an entity doesn't really exist. We are very curious about if any organizations are already doing this sort of financing, and the earlier discussion provides some leads on which I will follow up. We'd also be very interested in gaining a greater understanding of exactly what sort of financing options would be useful to non-profits who want to do mission relevant revenue generating programs. So far most of what we've come across seems to be targeted for capital improvements. FYI, the idea arose from my experience as a board member on various non-profit boards when I saw simple for profit lines of business avoided for a variety of reasons - not enough expertise, cultural bias of non-profit toward service orientation, unclear funding sources and the like. I thought such for profit ventures (if successful) could be useful to the non-profit by creating undesignated operating revenue, expanding the reach of the mission, and possibly create an alternative to the vagaries of grants and development funds. It occurred to me that an entity focused solely on lending funds to non-profits for for-profit ventures. It might be in partnership with already existing lending institutions, or a stand alone. It might benefit from providing access to consulting resources in some manner. I've got an MBA, a background in public policy and management consulting, and experience as a board member of non-profits. I've partnered with another social venture oriented, mid-career MBA with experience as a development director for a large non-profit. We are in the exploration phase at this point and are exploring the need and what sort of model could work - we aren't even sure yet what the right language is for this sort of entity. Thoughts?

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